It is the second largest country in ASEAN region in terms of land area.
Its population contributes the 8.3% of total ASEAN population or ranks at the 5th.
Traditional biomass remains as the domain, and the use of hydropower in TPES has been increased drastically.
Traditional biomass and other renewables are the main consumers in TFEC.
Realise Electricity Saving Potential (by 2030)
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar (also known as Burma) is the second-largest country in Southeast Asia. Its population will reach 55.29 million in 2021 [1]. Myanmar’s GDP is expected to reach 372.77 billion USD in 2021. With abundant natural resources and a young demographic surplus, there are opportunities for economic acceleration in the future. Currently, the most productive sectors of Myanmar’s economy are the electricity and oil and gas industries, which are open to foreign investment in several sectors. Since August 2016, China has been the largest foreign investor (about 18 billion USD) in Myanmar, followed by Singapore (about 13 billion USD). Nay Pyi Taw is the official capital of Myanmar, while Yangon (formerly “Rangoon”) is the largest city.
[1] ASEAN Secretariat. ASEAN Statistical Highlight 2022
Myanmar is the 2nd largest country in ASEAN with a total land area of 676,577 km2. It is populated by around 55.29 million at a growth rate of 0.7% as in 2021 Myanmar’s population contributes 8.32% of the total ASEAN population or ranks at the 5th. On the other hand, Myanmar has a relatively low Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, which is only 1,314.4 USD in 2021.
[1] Population Growth (annual %) – Myanmar, The World Bank (2021)
[2] GDP per Capita (in USD) – Myanmar, The World Bank (2021)
Traditional biomass remains the domain, and the use of hydropower in TPES has increased drastically from 20% in 2015 to 47% in 2021. Myanmar has the potential for more than 100 GW of hydropower, of which only 3 GW has been developed so far. The largest potential is to be found in the Kayin, Shan, and Kayah states, where the Salween River is the major hydropower resource.
Traditional biomass and other renewables are the main consumers in TFEC, but since 2016 it has decreased. Otherwise, the amount of electricity used has been increasing gradually and this might indicate that the quality of modern energy service in the country has been improved.
Myanmar is identified as one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change. Myanmar’s INDC has been submitted to the UNFCCC in 2015 and ratified the Paris Agreement in 2016. The INDC includes both mitigation and adaptation contributions. Mitigation targets mainly cover Forestry, Electricity, and Rural Renewable Energy sectors while adaptation contributions are in line with priority sectors in its NAPA (2012). The forestry sector is one of the most important sectors for mitigation actions and policies. Its targets are area based on the:
Currently, Myanmar is preparing to complete its NDC report in the coming months and submit UNFCCC in time. Myanmar as part of its NDC is committed to contributing to an unconditional reduction of emissions of 244.52 million tCO2e, and a total of 414.75 million tCO2e, subject to international financial conditions and technical support by 2030, this is in the framework of Myanmar’s efforts to control the impacts of global climate change based on the state of its country.
Increase the share of renewables
Distribute energy efficiency cookstoves
Realise electricity saving potential
Increase the share of hydroelectric generation by 2030
Increase Reserved Forest and Protected Public Forest
Increase Protected Area Systems
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